Assessment of the Spatial Pattern of Public Primary School Distribution Across Communities in Buruku Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study assesses the spatial distribution of public primary schools in Buruku Local Government Area (LGA), Benue State, Nigeria. It aims to determine the distribution pattern of schools. Using a survey research design and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), data were collected from 138 public primary schools across 13 council wards. To provide a more comprehensive analysis, data from multiple years (2015, 2020, and 2024) were incorporated to identify trends over time. The findings reveal significant disparities: while wards like Mbaapen and Mbaatirkyaa had better school density, wards such as Etulo, Mbaikyongo, and Mbaazager were critically underserved. Accessibility challenges were prevalent, with 18.84% of respondents travelling more than 6 km to the nearest school, influenced by factors such as population density, socioeconomic status, political influence, and land availability. GIS mapping highlighted the need for 86 additional schools to achieve equitable access standards. The study also explores alternative solutions such as mobile schools and remote learning to address immediate needs in hard-to-reach areas. Recommendations include prioritising underserved wards, improving infrastructure, enhancing community involvement, and adopting temporary measures such as mobile schools. The study concludes that addressing disparities in school distribution is crucial for achieving equitable access and sustainable socioeconomic development.